Process tree

LUXI polishing process tree

First structured foundation for guiding an item from abrasive preparation into the LUXI polishing process. This is a readable static overview now and a data foundation for a future interactive decision tree.

From preparation to finish

The structure separates preparation defects from polishing decisions, then guides material grouping, diagnostic checks, repair decisions and soft final polishing.

Entry after abrasive preparation

Entry Next step

Item enters the LUXI process

Has the item completed abrasive preparation?

Before LUXI polishing starts, high spots, sprue remnants and obvious protruding defects should already be reduced, and the surface should be close to the intended geometry. From this point LUXI decisions focus on compound selection, wheel selection, route control, inspection, final polishing and cleaning.

Defect inspection

Action Next step

Remove high spots before polishing

Are protruding defects still above the intended surface?

Polishing compounds should not be used as a substitute for restoring basic geometry. Remove high spots and excess welded or cast metal with appropriate abrasive preparation, then return to inspection.

Recommended action
  • Continue abrasive preparation until the surface is close to the intended geometry.
Action Next step

Laser repair route

Is the item valuable enough to repair large local defects?

For valuable items, large local defects may be laser welded. After welding, remove excess metal, restore flat or even geometry, and return the item to the normal process flow.

Recommended action
  • Laser weld the defect, restore geometry, then return to defect inspection.
Terminal

Reject or remelt route

Is further polishing economically justified?

If large deep defects cannot be visually closed or repaired economically, reject the item before wasting more polishing time and send it to remelt or recycle where appropriate.

Do not use standard polishing to hide defects outside the realistic polishing range.

Diagnostic polish

Action Next step

Diagnostic polish after grinding

Should abrasive noise be suppressed before defect decisions?

Grinding scratches can hide pores, cavities, deep scratches, inclusions and local depressions. A short diagnostic polish with LUXI Super Fine White can suppress abrasive noise and reveal the true condition of the metal. This is an inspection step, not final polishing.

Recommended action
  • Apply a short diagnostic polish with LUXI Super Fine White, then inspect under magnification.
  • Use the diagnostic polish result as input for the LUXI working range test.

Workshop capability check

Decision Next step

Check available LUXI compounds

Do you have the full LUXI Sample Assortment or full compound range?

A full compound range makes controlled process development possible. If only selected compounds are available, route adaptation is limited.

Without the full range, process development is limited because compound aggressiveness cannot be compared systematically.

Route Next step

Full capability mode

Full wheel range and speed control allow ideal route selection and controlled alternatives: ideal, alternative, low-speed, aggressive, delicate and test-matrix routes.

What do material groups mean?
Recommended action
  • Proceed to material group selection with full process-development options available.
Route Next step

Constrained capability mode

Full LUXI Sample Assortment is available, but wheel choice and rpm are limited. Treat wheels/rpm as fixed and tune with compound selection and working technique.

Recommended action
  • Use the available wheels and motor speed as fixed variables. Tune the process by changing compound aggressiveness and working technique.
Terminal

Insufficient testing setup

This setup is insufficient for meaningful LUXI process testing.

Recommended action
  • Obtain full LUXI Sample Assortment, one suitable first-stage wheel, one suitable final-stage wheel and at least roughly known motor speed before serious process development.

Material group selection

Decision Next step

Material group selection

What material group does the item belong to?

The material group helps choose the starting LUXI logic. It is not a strict chemical classification, but a practical production guide based on how the material usually behaves during polishing, heating and surface formation.

First-group materials

First-group materials usually include gold, silver, copper alloys, brass and bronze. These materials often follow the standard LUXI logic: surface preparation, first-stage surface formation and final polishing.

Examples: gold, silver, copper, brass, bronze.

Second-group materials

Second-group materials include stainless steel, platinum, titanium, some zinc or tin alloys, unusual hard gold alloys, silver-platinum alloys, experimental casting alloys, powder metallurgy and metal 3D printing. With these materials, temperature, pressure, tool selection and surface response require closer control.

Examples: stainless steel, platinum, titanium, unusual hard alloys, powder metallurgy, metal 3D printing.

Unknown or unusual alloy

If the alloy composition or behavior is unknown, start with a cautious test polish on a small area. The goal is to understand whether micro-defects close and how the material responds to the selected LUXI scheme.

Recommended action
  • What belongs to the first and second material groups?

First-group standard route

Route Next step

First-group standard polishing route

Is this a first-group material prepared to about 600-800 grit?

For normal first-group jewellery alloys with average geometry and average contact area, the base route is 800 grit preparation, then LUXI Blue with a yellow stitched muslin buff, then LUXI Super Fine White with a white unstitched flannel buff. If exceptional brightness or coating, plating or PVD preparation is required, use LUXI Orange instead of Super Fine White. Filigree adapts softer; large flat/open surfaces use first-stage escalation.

What do material groups mean?
Recommended action
  • 800 grit -> LUXI Blue + yellow stitched buff -> LUXI Super Fine White + white unstitched flannel buff.

Contact area and pressure

Decision Next step

Contact area and pressure check

How large is the surface area being polished at one time?

Contact area changes effective pressure and local shear. Large flat or open surfaces often need stronger first-stage action than small narrow surfaces.

Route Next step

Small contact area route

Does the surface concentrate force into a narrow working area?

Small surfaces concentrate hand force and usually do not require escalation beyond the base route if material, preparation and geometry are otherwise suitable.

What do material groups mean?
Recommended action
  • Use the standard first-group route if the material and geometry are otherwise suitable.
Route Next step

Average jewellery surface route

Is the contact area typical for ordinary jewellery polishing?

Average jewellery surfaces usually follow the base first-group materials route before final polishing.

What do material groups mean?
Recommended action
  • Use LUXI Blue + yellow stitched muslin buff, then final polishing.
Route Next step

Large flat/open surface escalation

Does the large contact area make the base first stage too weak?

Large surfaces spread the same force over more area, reducing pressure per unit area and local shear. Increase first-stage aggressiveness by replacement, not by automatically adding extra stages.

Recommended action
  • Start with LUXI Yellow + yellow stitched muslin buff when LUXI Blue is too mild for the flat area.
  • If still insufficient, replace with LUXI Black + yellow stitched muslin buff.
  • If still insufficient, use LUXI Black + Sisal buff as maximum first-stage escalation.
Route Next step

Very large surface controlled route

Is the item large enough to require controlled process development?

Very large flat surfaces or production items may require a firmer wheel, Sisal cut-down, different wheel diameter, controlled process development and inspection.

Recommended action
  • Connect to Workshop Capability Check before tuning the route.
  • Keep the future Wheel Diameter / Surface Speed / Temperature route in mind.
Caution Next step

Unknown contact area warning

Can the contact area be estimated before polishing?

If the contact area cannot be estimated, treat large flat surfaces cautiously and test on a small area.

Recommended action
  • Start cautiously, inspect after short passes and avoid simply increasing pressure.

Wheel diameter, speed and temperature

Decision Next step

Check wheel or tool diameter

What wheel or tool diameter are you using?

Tool diameter changes surface speed at the same rpm. Use this check to decide whether the process behaves like standard 6 inch wheel polishing, a hotter production-wheel route, a 4 inch bench-wheel route, an 8 mm felt-tool route or a 20 mm cotton-wrap route on a tapered spindle.

Caution Next step

8 inch production wheel note

At the same rpm, an 8 inch wheel has higher surface speed than a 6 inch wheel. Expect more heat generation, more compound mobility and stronger action, with higher overheating risk if pressure and contact time are not controlled.

Do not simply transfer a 6 inch route to an 8 inch wheel without short tests.

Caution Next step

Small rotary tool low-temperature warning

Small tools, brushes and mandrel wheels can have low surface speed even at high rpm because the working diameter is small. This leads toward future low-temperature polishing logic.

Recommended action
  • Connect this case to future Small Tool / Brush Logic and low-temperature LUXI Green / LUXI Purple routing.
Caution Next step

Thread / cord low-temperature warning

Thread or cord polishing has very low effective surface speed and temperature. Compound adhesion to the carrier and low-temperature behaviour become critical.

Recommended action
  • Reserve this for future Thread Logic and LUXI Purple / low-temperature development.
Caution Next step

Unknown speed or diameter warning

If rpm or diameter is unknown, process development is less reliable. Identify or estimate rpm and tool diameter before serious testing whenever possible.

Recommended action
  • Record motor type, diameter and rpm as part of process development.

Geometry adaptations

Route Next step

Average first-group jewellery route

Is the surface average jewellery geometry without excessive porosity?

Use LUXI Blue with a yellow stitched buff to remove 800 grit scratches and form a bright smooth surface layer. Then use LUXI Super Fine White with a white unstitched flannel buff for high lustre. If exceptional brightness or coating, plating or PVD preparation is required, use LUXI Orange instead of Super Fine White.

What do material groups mean?
Route Next step

Large flat surface escalation

Is LUXI Blue aggressive enough for the flat surface?

For large flat/open surfaces, the larger contact area lowers effective pressure and local shear. Increase first-stage aggressiveness by replacing the first-stage compound/wheel route, not by automatically adding extra preliminary stages.

Recommended action
  • Start with LUXI Blue + yellow stitched buff.
  • If not aggressive enough, replace with LUXI Yellow + yellow stitched buff.
  • If still not enough, replace with LUXI Black + yellow stitched buff.
  • For maximum first-stage aggression, use LUXI Black + sisal buff.

After first-stage inspection

Inspection Next step

Inspect after first-stage polishing

Is the surface bright and free from visible scratches after the first stage?

After first-stage polishing the surface should be bright and visible scratches should be removed. Fine defects may be closed or softened by surface metal movement. The surface can look like butter spread over bread: it covers underlying roughness but still needs smoothing to become optically refined.

Final polishing

Decision

Select final polishing path

What final polishing path is needed?

Final polishing should be soft, not aggressive. Preferred wheel: white unstitched flannel buff. Alternative: white unstitched muslin buff. If only stitched wheels are available, threads can be cut and stitching removed to create a softer unstitched wheel.

Recommended action
  • Standard: LUXI Super Fine White + white unstitched flannel buff.
  • Premium or pre-plating: LUXI Orange + white unstitched flannel buff.

Wheel selection and maintenance

Decision

Wheel choice becomes part of the route

What wheel type is needed for this polishing stage?

In the LUXI system, the wheel is not a neutral carrier for compound. Select it by material group, defect state, geometry, polishing stage and final finish goal. Sisal belongs to aggressive cut-down; cotton wheels carry the controlled first-stage and final polishing routes.

What do material groups mean?
Route Next step

Sisal cut-down route

Is a cut-down stage required for hard metal, deep scratches, orange peel or grinding marks up to about 400 grit?

Use Sisal buff + LUXI Black only when an aggressive cut-down stage is justified. Sisal can remove deep marks, orange peel, small dents, scale and oxide, but it is not a final polishing wheel. After the cut-down stage, inspect the surface and continue to a cotton-wheel polishing route.

Recommended action
  • Use Sisal buff with LUXI Black for aggressive cut-down.
  • Inspect the surface before moving to cotton-wheel polishing.
  • Do not treat sisal as a final polishing stage.
Route

First-group first-stage wheel

Use yellow stitched muslin buff as the standard first-stage wheel for first-group materials. Use white stitched muslin buff as a softer or more controlled alternative when geometry makes aggressive contact risky.

What do material groups mean?
Recommended action
  • Standard: LUXI Blue with yellow stitched buff after about 800 grit preparation.
  • For stronger first-stage escalation, LUXI Yellow or LUXI Black may replace LUXI Blue when the surface and geometry justify it.
Route

First-group final-polishing wheel

Use white unstitched flannel buff as the preferred final-polishing wheel. White unstitched muslin buff can be used as an alternative when a soft final contact is needed.

What do material groups mean?
Recommended action
  • Use LUXI Super Fine White for standard high lustre.
  • Use LUXI Orange for exceptional brightness, coating, plating or PVD preparation, or easier cleaning after polishing.
Caution

Large flat surfaces may need different contact

Large flat or large objects may require firmer or narrower wheel contact. Razor edge logic will be developed later as a separate route concept; no razor-edge image asset is currently provided.

Action

Prepare a new wheel before use

Dress a new cotton or sisal wheel with a coarse silicon carbide stone before applying compound. This opens the working surface, removes loose fibres and makes compound application more controlled.

Recommended action
  • Mount the wheel safely and rotate it at working speed.
  • Dress with coarse silicon carbide stone, then apply only a very small amount of LUXI compound.
Decision

Keep the wheel clean during polishing

Is the wheel clean, dry and lightly charged?

During LUXI polishing, the wheel should not carry a black greasy overload layer. Clean the wheel more often than adding compound.

Recommended action
  • After two or three compound reapplications, dress with coarse silicon carbide stone until the surface is light grey and dry.
  • Reapply fresh compound with one light touch to the rotating wheel.

How to use the process tree

LUXI recommendations are starting procedures. Results depend on material, geometry, surface condition, tools and operator skill. Diagnostic polish is an inspection step, not a guarantee of defect removal. These recommendations apply to LUXI compounds and workflows, not visually similar third-party compounds.